When buildings start showing signs of instability and possible failure, that’s when foundation repair comes into play. Often, it’s triggered by active ground pressure or an increase in the structure’s weight. But, why does this happen? Let’s delve into the causes of foundation damage.
Foundation damage is frequently tied to water-related issues. When soil components swell or shrink due to moisture changes, it sets off movement in the structure’s foundation. Inadequate drainage in the surrounding area can also contribute to damage. Plumbing leaks beneath the structure or natural disasters like earthquakes, floods, or droughts can further harm the foundation. The type of soil matters too – high clay content makes foundation problems more likely.
Masonry Patches and Sealants
Repairing foundation cracks with waterproof masonry sealants is a common approach. Various sealants like hydraulic cement, vinyl concrete, epoxy, silicone, and polyurethane are used based on the crack’s severity. Early detection and repair are crucial to prevent water penetration and additional damage.
Slab Jacking
Slab jacking is a method to lift sinking or uneven concrete slabs. It involves drilling holes through the foundation and injecting a solution to fill empty spaces, lifting the slab back into position. Polyurethane injection is an alternative, offering similar results but lasting longer.
Piering or Piling
This method involves resettling the foundation using steel or concrete piers. Piering involves excavating earth layers, while piling is done by driving piles into the ground. Types of piers include concrete pilings (pressed, poured, belled), and steel piers (including helical steel piers).
Concrete Pilings : Pressed and poured concrete piers are durable solutions for both interior and exterior repairs. The pressed ones are driven deep into the earth, providing stability.
Belled Concrete Pier: Similar to poured concrete piers, bell-bottom piers offer a broad area of support with a bell-shaped foot.
Steel Piers : Highly recommended for long-term repair, steel piers can be pushed to considerable depths, ensuring stability.
Steel Helical Piers : Used for lightweight concrete slab and pier-and-beam foundations, these helical piers offer stability by transferring the structure’s weight to the load-bearing earth.
Soil Modification or Soil Stabilization
This involves making the soil stiffer and more stable by using chemicals to fill holes within the soil layers. Though effective, it requires expertise and comes with higher work and maintenance costs.
In conclusion, various foundation repair options exist, offering different durations of relief. The choice depends on factors like the type of foundation, the severity of the damage, and budget considerations. For tailored advice, consult with concrete foundation specialists to find the best solution for your property.
